"fire-related Injuries On Offshore Rigs: Legal Representation By Maritime Law Attorneys"

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"fire-related Injuries On Offshore Rigs: Legal Representation By Maritime Law Attorneys"

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Coast Guard: Fire Reported On Oil Platform In Gulf Of Mexico Off Louisiana Coast; No Injuries Reported

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By Dejan Brkić Dejan Brkić Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 1, 2, * and Pavel Praks Pavel Praks Scilit Preprints.org Google Scholar 1

Failures during drilling and exploitation of hydrocarbons resulting in catastrophic offshore oil and gas accidents are relatively rare, but if they occur the consequences can be catastrophic in terms of loss of life and environmental damage. Therefore, in order to learn about its prevention, this article analyzes major offshore oil and gas accidents, with more than 10 fatalities or with a major environmental impact. Special attention is given to fire as cause and effect. Relevant technological and legislative safety changes and updates that have followed these accidents and may prevent future similar misfortunes are assessed. Two main approaches to security are compared: (1) the American normative approach versus (2) the European goal-oriented approach. The main causes of accidents are tested statistically for probability of failure, where exact confidence limits are calculated for the estimated probabilities. The results of the statistical test based on exact confidence intervals show that there is no significant difference between the analyzed factors, which describe the main causes of offshore oil and gas accidents. From the small but carefully selected group of 24 of the largest accidents, it can be concluded that there is no evidence of a difference between the categories of the main causes of accidents.

New Storm Avoidance Rules For Offshore Drillers After Near Misses In Last 2 Hurricane Seasons

Accidents at sea; drilling failures; oil and gas; Protection against fire; probability; security legislation; good integrity; explosion prevention; marine spills; the platform collapses

Oil and gas drilling and exploitation involves many hazards to both life and the environment [1]. Fires and explosions can have an immediate effect on an offshore installation along with the personnel working there (offshore platforms can be destroyed or damaged along with installed equipment by fire and/or explosions, while personnel can be injured or killed) [2], while hydrocarbon emissions can have enormous and long-lasting effects on the environment, including wildlife and humans directly affected by an accident in that area [3]. Following this reasoning, the main dangers include:

(1) fire and explosions following the release of hydrocarbons (a mixture of gases or liquid droplets dispersed in a cloud together with air can ignite);

There have been many accidents in the oil and gas industry that have caused many fatalities with loss of assets and/or with a large impact on the environment [4]. The main causes of an accident can include material, structural and mechanical failures and malfunctions, human and procedural errors associated with poor training, natural causes, etc. [5]. Personnel may be injured by falling objects, slips and falls or exposure to chemicals, etc. [6, 7, 8].

Fire On Board Equinor Production Platform Offshore Norway

To prevent accidents, all potential causes must be thoroughly examined (here the focus is on fires in offshore accidents [9]). This article provides an overview of the main causes and the loss of control in serious accidents from 1956 to 2010 that have caused the greatest number of fatalities or the greatest environmental damage, including the response to each major accident with its corresponding improvements, updates and implementation of regulations, guidelines, etc. [10]. Accidents were chosen if they resulted in more than 10 fatalities or, if not, if they had a major environmental impact. Various types of facilities (drilling vessels, production platforms, etc.) are addressed [11], and in many accidents described, a fire occurred in a chain of events [12].

In addition to Brkić and Praks [13], who examined the appropriate use of technical standards in the offshore oil and gas industry, and Brkić and Stajić [14], who focused on the prevention of explosions in offshore oil and gas facilities, this paper will give a historical overview of marine accidents, focusing on fire as a cause and as a consequence of examining the main causes and uncertainty [5]. To analyze accident rate uncertainty, we will provide statistical analysis using the exact confidence limits of the binomial data. The tested hypothesis (stated by H

) is that the ratio between the number of "hits" (i.e. reported errors) and the number of tests (i.e. the total number of installations) is the same in all analyzed categories.

This paper focuses on the classical approach of offshore drilling and offshore oil and gas exploitation [16, 17] and not on coastal inland water pollution (rivers, lakes, etc.) [18] and other problems that may occur on land.

Things To Know About Oil Rig Accidents

The offshore oil drilling process begins with the location of offshore reservoirs and the use of mobile drilling units for the drilling process (commonly referred to as Mobile Offshore Drilling Units; MODU). Generally, after the temporary work of the drilling units is completed, a permanent offshore platform is installed for oil exploitation. Additional phases are well intervention (well intervention during the drilling or production phase) and abandonment (well plugging when production has definitively ended).

The most common types of offshore drilling units are jack-up rigs (standing on legs fixed to the ocean floor, used for drilling shallow wells in shallow water), semi-submersible rigs (massive floating vessels for drilling with massive columns that are secured to large pontoons), and rigs (an easier alternative to changing your semi-submersible drilling location).

Apart from problems caused by wells with inadequate blowout prevention measures, other problems that can lead to an accident can be caused by platform stability [20, 21, 22, 23] or leakage of flammable fluids.

In the offshore oil and gas industry, barriers, in the sense of the Norwegian technical standard NORSOK D-010: "Well integrity in drilling and well operations", are normally used to protect a well against blowout. A blowout, the uncontrolled release of crude oil or natural gas from a well, is the most common cause of accidents in the offshore oil and gas industry. Most explosions have occurred during the drilling phase (also during well operations such as wireline or workover), but a smaller number of accidents have also occurred in the production phase. Normally, two independent barriers with hydraulic and mechanical elements should be placed, according to NORSOK D-010, to prevent bursts [24]. Ultimately, most blowouts can be prevented by using specific pressure control equipment or by placing the blowout preventer on the seabed or between the riser and the drilling rig. Blowout preventers contain hydraulic power cutoff mechanisms to stop the flow of hydrocarbons in the event of loss of well control. Basically, a blowout preventer is a specialized valve or similar mechanical device used to seal, control and monitor oil and gas wells to prevent blowouts and the uncontrolled release of crude oil or natural gas from a well. The blast event generally consists of three sets of breakers, two of which are blind to prevent the well fluid from flowing, the third is a shear ram that can cut the drill string. A shear ram is deployed only in extreme cases when blind rams cannot stop the flow.

Deepwater Horizon Explosion

The general philosophy for controlling blowouts is that there should be a minimum of two independent barriers that prevent the release of well fluids to the atmosphere (this idea is further developed in NORSOK D-010) [25]. Basically, the overbalance of the drilling fluid is the primary barrier and the blowout preventer with the casing string comprises the secondary barrier during well construction, but many variations exist. The objective of the standard is well integrity, where this term is defined as "the application of technical, operational and organizational solutions to reduce the risk of uncontrolled release of formation fluids throughout the life cycle".

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